I, for one, welcome our new overlords!
Most nations of the world today claim to be democracies, while - in fact - most governments and systems of leadership are based on giving privileges to people with wealth (plutocracy), family connections (nepotism), certain classes (oligarchy), or long-standing friends (cronyism).
One of the main reasons for this is the sheer size of government and the sheer length of time that people sit in their office. During the four or five years that political leaders sit in their office, they have plenty of time to make sure that their personal interests are maintained and that their friends only get wealthier and establish more power. Take, for example, Dick Cheney, Vice President of the United States under the Bush government. For a long time, he was the leader of a company named Halliburton. After the invasion of Iraq, led by the Bush government, Halliburton stood to gain quite a lot by signing various contracts - which Dick Cheney, of course, managed to arrange for his previous company to sign. His stock in this company rose almost 3000% during the year 2007.
So; as the size of a government increases, the risks that some corruption occurs in it rises along with it. Many people have wondered how best to fix this problem, and have come up with a few options. Short of anarchy - which some suggest as a realistic solution to the problem - the two most popular options seem to be either demarchy (Thanks, Johan S!) or a night watchman state.
In short, a demarchy is a system of government where random people chosen from the entire population to take all roles in the government, and then re-elected at a certain time. Demarchy attempts to overcome some of the functional problems with conventional representative democracy. Random selection of policymakers would make it easier for everyday citizens to meaningfully participate, and harder for special interests to corrupt the process. In the Revelation Space-series by Sci-Fi author Alastair Reynolds, one of the human factions - aptly named the demarchists - use this form of government. Everyone is theoretically equal, and all major political related issues are voted upon by everyone via neural implant. It has become so natural for people to vote in this way that most people are not aware of voting at all; they simply have opinions that are polled automatically when a political question arises that needs a vote. It should be noted that the “Demarchy” in this society is actually more of a direct democracy.
The second option, a night watchman state, is probably the more interesting of the two; mainly because it goes in the opposite direction of what most governments seem to be doing. A night watchman state, sometimes called “a minimal state” or a “minarcy”, is a form of government in political philosophy where the government’s responsibilities are so minimal they cannot be reduced much further without becoming a form of anarchy. The only governmental institutions in a hypothetical night watchman state would be police, judicial systems, prisons and the military. Minarchists argue that the state has no right to interfere in free transactions between people, and see the state’s sole responsibility as ensuring that transactions between private individuals are free. In general, the majority of minarchists use deontological arguments: they claim that a minimal state is good in and of itself, and that any further extension of government is inherently evil, even if it leads to good consequences. A system such as this one would, for example, minimize taxes to a bare minimum, as there would be so few government functions to fund.
There are large criticisms towards both forms of government. The argument against demarchy is, of course, that people will the people chosen by random will be unsuitable. If the random choise of head of government falls upon a person who is extremely racist, the minorities of the country will suffer. Nobody would want a person in charge of the countries finances if he or she has declared personal bankrupcy several times.
The arguments against the night watchman state are more diverse. For example, there is an argument from a welfare perspective; a government such as this one would not be well suited to provide care and protection for the elderly or otherwise disadvantaged. A night watchman state could do nothing in face of issues like economic recession. Another issue is that it is undemocratic to have a constitution which cannot be amended by the people.
All forms of government seem to have their inherent weaknesses; we can only hope that the one we’re currently using is the best of all possible worlds.





